How is the landing altitude typically set in an aircraft?

The landing altitude in an aircraft is typically set automatically by the Flight Management System (FMS). This system is designed to optimize the flight path based on pre-programmed data, including the destination airport's elevation and air traffic control requirements. The FMS uses various data inputs, such as current aircraft position, weather conditions, and air traffic to calculate the most efficient descent profile, which includes the appropriate landing altitude. This level of automation supports greater precision and contributes to enhanced safety during the landing phase, allowing the pilot to focus on other critical tasks.

Other methods for setting landing altitude may exist, but they are less common or used in specific circumstances. For instance, while a pilot can manually override settings or input adjustments, relying primarily on automation from the FMS is standard practice for ensuring an accurate and safe descent. Ground control commands may provide altitude adjustments during approach but are typically integrated with FMS functionalities. Therefore, the automated system is the most reliable and efficient means of managing landing altitude during flight operations.